# Managing Active Directory Groups with PowerShell

## Basic Group Creation and Deletion

#Let's start with the basic commands to create and delete Active Directory groups.

### Creating a Basic Security Group
#powershell
# Create a new security group
New-ADGroup -Name "IT Support" `
    -GroupScope Global `
    -GroupCategory Security `
    -Path "OU=Groups,DC=RohanIT,DC=sec"


### Deleting a Group
#Powershell
# Remove a group
Remove-ADGroup -Identity "IT Support" -Confirm:$false


## Creating Multiple Groups Using an Array

#Here's how to create multiple groups using an array structure.

#powershell
# Define your groups with their properties
$groups = @(
    @{
        Name = "IT Support"
        Path = "OU=IT,OU=Groups,DC=RohanIT,DC=sec"
        Scope = "Global"
        Category = "Security"
    },
    @{
        Name = "HR Team"
        Path = "OU=HR,OU=Groups,DC=RohanIT,DC=sec"
        Scope = "Global"
        Category = "Security"
    },
    @{
        Name = "Finance Users"
        Path = "OU=Finance,OU=Groups,DC=RohanIT,DC=sec"
        Scope = "Global"
        Category = "Security"
    }
)

# Create each group
foreach ($group in $groups) {
    New-ADGroup -Name $group.Name `
        -GroupScope $group.Scope `
        -GroupCategory $group.Category `
        -Path $group.Path
}


## Advanced Group Management with Error Handling

#Here's a more robust script that includes existence checking and error handling.

#powershell
function New-CustomADGroup {
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory)]
        [string]$Name,
        [Parameter(Mandatory)]
        [string]$Path,
        [ValidateSet("Global", "Universal", "DomainLocal")]
        [string]$Scope = "Global",
        [ValidateSet("Security", "Distribution")]
        [string]$Category = "Security",
        [string]$Description
    )
    
    try {
        # Check if group exists
        $existingGroup = Get-ADGroup -Filter "Name -eq '$Name'" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
        
        if ($null -eq $existingGroup) {
            # Create new group
            $params = @{
                Name = $Name
                GroupScope = $Scope
                GroupCategory = $Category
                Path = $Path
            }
            
            if ($Description) {
                $params.Add("Description", $Description)
            }
            
            New-ADGroup @params
            Write-Host "Successfully created group: $Name" -ForegroundColor Green
            return $true
        } else {
            Write-Host "Group already exists: $Name" -ForegroundColor Yellow
            return $false
        }
    } catch {
        Write-Host "Failed to create group: $Name" -ForegroundColor Red
        Write-Host "Error: $_" -ForegroundColor Red
        return $false
    }
}


## Managing Group Membership

#Here's how to manage group members, including both users and groups.

### Adding Members to a Group

powershell
function Add-CustomADGroupMember {
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory)]
        [string]$GroupName,
        [Parameter(Mandatory)]
        [string[]]$Members
    )
    
    try {
        # Check if group exists
        $group = Get-ADGroup -Identity $GroupName -ErrorAction Stop
        
        foreach ($member in $Members) {
            try {
                # Try to get member (could be user or group)
                $adObject = Get-ADObject -Filter {(objectClass -eq "user") -or (objectClass -eq "group")} -Properties ObjectClass |
                    Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $member}
                
                if ($null -ne $adObject) {
                    # Check if already a member
                    $isMember = Get-ADGroupMember -Identity $GroupName | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $member}
                    
                    if ($null -eq $isMember) {
                        Add-ADGroupMember -Identity $GroupName -Members $adObject
                        Write-Host "Successfully added $member to $GroupName" -ForegroundColor Green
                    } else {
                        Write-Host "$member is already a member of $GroupName" -ForegroundColor Yellow
                    }
                } else {
                    Write-Host "Member not found: $member" -ForegroundColor Red
                }
            } catch {
                Write-Host "Failed to add member $member to $GroupName" -ForegroundColor Red
                Write-Host "Error: $_" -ForegroundColor Red
            }
        }
    } catch {
        Write-Host "Group not found: $GroupName" -ForegroundColor Red
        Write-Host "Error: $_" -ForegroundColor Red
    }
}


### Removing Members from a Group

#powershell
function Remove-CustomADGroupMember {
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory)]
        [string]$GroupName,
        [Parameter(Mandatory)]
        [string[]]$Members
    )
    
    try {
        # Check if group exists
        $group = Get-ADGroup -Identity $GroupName -ErrorAction Stop
        
        foreach ($member in $Members) {
            try {
                # Check if member exists in group
                $isMember = Get-ADGroupMember -Identity $GroupName | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $member}
                
                if ($null -ne $isMember) {
                    Remove-ADGroupMember -Identity $GroupName -Members $member -Confirm:$false
                    Write-Host "Successfully removed $member from $GroupName" -ForegroundColor Green
                } else {
                    Write-Host "$member is not a member of $GroupName" -ForegroundColor Yellow
                }
            } catch {
                Write-Host "Failed to remove member $member from $GroupName" -ForegroundColor Red
                Write-Host "Error: $_" -ForegroundColor Red
            }
        }
    } catch {
        Write-Host "Group not found: $GroupName" -ForegroundColor Red
        Write-Host "Error: $_" -ForegroundColor Red
    }
}


## Complete Example with All Features

#Here's a complete example that puts it all together:

#powershell
# Define groups to create
$groups = @(
    @{
        Name = "IT Support"
        Path = "OU=IT,OU=Groups,DC=RohanIT,DC=sec"
        Scope = "Global"
        Category = "Security"
        Members = @("John.Doe", "Jane.Smith", "Help Desk")
    },
    @{
        Name = "HR Team"
        Path = "OU=HR,OU=Groups,DC=RohanIT,DC=sec"
        Scope = "Global"
        Category = "Security"
        Members = @("Sarah.Johnson", "HR Managers")
    }
)

# Create groups and add members
foreach ($group in $groups) {
    if (New-CustomADGroup -Name $group.Name -Path $group.Path -Scope $group.Scope -Category $group.Category) {
        if ($group.Members) {
            Add-CustomADGroupMember -GroupName $group.Name -Members $group.Members
        }
    }
}

# Example of removing members
Remove-CustomADGroupMember -GroupName "IT Support" -Members @("John.Doe")

# Example of adding new members
Add-CustomADGroupMember -GroupName "HR Team" -Members @("New.Employee")


#This script demonstrates:
#1. Creating groups with error handling
#2. Checking for existing groups
#3. Adding both users and groups as members
#4. Removing members
#5. Handling errors at each step
#6. Providing clear feedback for all operations

#Remember to replace "DC=RohanIT,DC=sec" and the OU paths with your actual domain structure. Also ensure that the users and groups you're referencing actually exist in your Active Directory environment.